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PC speaker¶

The PC speaker was the built-in speaker in every IBM PC and compatible from day one. It was really only meant for simple beeps and diagnostic codes, but it ended up as the lowest common denominator for PC game audio — every PC had one, so every game could count on it being there.

Technically, it’s a single-channel square-wave generator. Not exactly hi-fi. But with clever programming tricks, developers managed to coax surprisingly decent sound out of it. Games like Alley Cat and Sopwith made the most of its musical abilities, while Castle Wolfenstein even managed digitised speech — impressive given the hardware’s severe limitations.

Sound quality varied quite a bit depending on the actual speaker hardware and the PC case it was mounted in. Early PCs used a proper dynamic speaker that had some bass response; later models switched to a tiny piezo buzzer that sounded thinner and quieter.

PC speaker emulation is enabled by default. The impulse model provides the most faithful reproduction of the actual speaker hardware; it generally improves the accuracy of square-wave effects in games like Commander Keen and Duke Nukem (2D), and can even produce sounds where the discrete model produces none (e.g., Wizball). Fall back to discrete only if a specific game has problems with the impulse model.

Mixer channel¶

The PC speaker outputs to the PCSPEAKER mixer channel.

Configuration settings¶

PC speaker settings are to be configured in the [speaker] section.

pcspeaker¶

PC speaker emulation model.

Possible values:

  • impulse default – A very faithful emulation of the PC speaker’s output. Works with most games, but may result in garbled sound or silence in a small number of programs.
  • discrete – Legacy simplified PC speaker emulation; only use this on specific titles that give you problems with the impulse model.
  • none/off – Don’t emulate the PC speaker.
pcspeaker_filter¶

Filter for the PC speaker output.

Possible values:

  • on default – Filter the output. This emulates a small speaker in an acoustic environment using a built-in multi-stage filter.
  • off – Don’t filter the output.
  • <custom> – Custom filter definition; see Custom filter settings for details.